Series:
Fundamental Lessons on the Church. Lesson Five,
THE WORSHIP OF THE CHURCH
By Bob W. Lovelace
We hope that you have taken the time to study lessons one through four in this series, Fundamental Lessons on the Church. Lesson Four, our last lesson, was about the local church as God ordained it. One becomes a Christian by being baptized into Christ for the remission of their sins (Acts 2:38; Gal. 3:26-27). New Christians were not left on their own, but had a responsibility to join themselves to a local church (see Lesson Four, Part One & Two). The local churches were given a distinct pattern for both the organization and the work to be done. This lesson, Lesson Five, concerns the work of the local church in edifying its members through collective worship.
Restating a brief portion from Lesson Four (Part One) ~
"the obligation of church membership"
As Christians we have collective
responsibilities that must be fulfilled by working and worshipping with other
Christians (Acts 11:26; Heb. 10:23-25). Some people do not want to accept the
"collective" responsibility Paul was eager to fulfill with his
brethren. Thus people have to be taught that works of an "individual"
nature are not all there is to fulfilling our obligations to God. I was blessed
once in being instrumental in converting the dear brother in the flesh of a
sister in the church where I preached. Both she and her brother were older and
well along in life. The sister had stedfastly set the proper example with the hopes
of bringing her brother to the Lord (Matt.
Dear reader each Christian
individually has the daily duty of living a righteous life. This acceptable
lifestyle consists of the righteous requirements enjoined upon Christians in
the New Testament (Rom.
But one cannot get by with just
doing those things required of the individual. Acts
The Five Items
of New Testament Worship
1. The Lord's
Supper upon the first day of week (I Cor.
2. Instruction in
the word of God (I Cor. 14:3-6, 12, 19, 26).
3. Singing to one
another (Ephesians
4. Praying (I
Cor.
5. Giving (I
Cor. 16:1-2).
The Definition
of "Edification"
As stated in the section from
Lesson Four above the purpose of assembling together for worship is that we
might be "edified" or built up spiritually. You will notice should
you read I Corinthians chapter 14 concerning an assembly of the church at
EDIFICATION, EDIFY, EDIFYING
"A.
Noun. OIKODOME denotes (a) the act of building (oikos, a home, and demo, to
build); this is used … in the N.T., in the sense of edification, the promotion
of spiritual growth (lit., the things of building up), Rom. 14:19; 15:2; I Cor.
14:3,5,12, 26. e.g." Concerning the verb Vine says: "B. Verb. (b) is
used …in the sense of …promoting the spiritual growth and development of
character of believers, by teaching or by example, suggesting such spiritual
progress as the result of patient labour. It is said (1) of the effect of this
upon local churches, Acts 9:31; I Cor. 14:4; (2) of the individual action of
believers towards each other, I Cor. 8:1; 10-:23;
Edifying
through preaching and teaching the word,
The
passages identifying collective action and assembling as a church present the
five acts listed above. Let's go back to a former thought. How do Christians
know what to do when they come together? They know by understanding the New
Testament pattern for worship as revealed therein. The things done when the
church assembled as a church were for the purpose of spiritual growth. These
things were not given for entertainment purposes. An ordinary thing like eating
a common meal to satisfy hunger was to be done elsewhere, at another time. Hear
Paul, "And if any man hunger, let him eat at home; that ye come not
together unto condemnation. And the rest will I set in order when I come"
(1 Cor.
By contrast Christians in the first
century church assembled to worship God and edify (build up) each other
spiritually. We hope that you will make time to visit with the
Allow us to
make further application to the teaching and instruction (worship) of the local
church. From Paul's instruction to Timothy (I Tim. 4:1-6) you can plainly see
that it is the "crowd" who is guilty before God! Yes it is the people
themselves who will not endure sound doctrine. Paul gave Timothy the warning
that the people in general will desire to have God's word diluted. Moreover,
having itching ears they hire preachers who are willing to go along and preach
what the people "like" to hear. God's word also places blame upon
such preachers as well. Paul's describes their smooth words and flattering
speeches whereby they beguile and lead astray. Through flattery the people come
and hear and walk away feeling wonderful inside about themselves. Dear reader
the vilest of sinner can attend and leave with such a feeling! Moreover, such
preachers aren't concerned about the souls they are leading to destruction.
They are greedy just as Paul explains. Hear Paul, "Now I beseech you,
brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine
which ye have learned; and avoid them. [18] For they that are such serve not
our Lord Jesus Christ, but their own belly; and by good words and fair speeches
deceive the hearts of the simple" (Romans
The Churches of Christ that have
given in to the demands of the people for this kind of teaching and preaching
are like
"And unto the angel of the church of the Laodiceans write; These things saith the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning of the creation of God; [15] I know thy works, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would thou wert cold or hot. [16] So then because thou art lukewarm, and neither cold nor hot, I will spue thee out of my mouth. [17] Because thou sayest, I am rich, and increased with goods, and have need of nothing; and knowest not that thou art wretched, and miserable, and poor, and blind, and naked: [18] I counsel thee to buy of me gold tried in the fire, that thou mayest be rich; and white raiment, that thou mayest be clothed, and that the shame of thy nakedness do not appear; and anoint thine eyes with eyesalve, that thou mayest see. [19] As many as I love, I rebuke and chasten: be zealous therefore, and repent. [20] Behold, I stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me. [21] To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne, even as I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in his throne. [22] He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches" (Rev. 3:14-22).
Has it dawned upon you as to just how far churches have gone away from the New Testament patterns? We hope it has. While such warnings and instruction from God's word might seem hard, they must be said. Some people have the idea that the only warning necessary has to do with immorality in conduct. Dear reader people need to hear warnings about how man has changed worship into that which is not acceptable! And they need to hear about the unauthorized practices of churches that have forsaken the New Testament teaching. Jesus' example here was to "not" back off upon hearing the complaint that what must be said is "too hard" (see John 6:60-66). Dear reader are you looking for the church that has applicable preaching and teaching?
The pattern
for the Lord's Supper on the first day of the week, Acts 20:7
Note: The local churches in the first century clearly met for the purpose of partaking of the Supper on the Lord's Day.
I. THEY CAME
TOGETHER AS A CHURCH, I Cor. 11:17-18
1) TO break bread
~ Acts 20:7 (Cp. I Cor. 10:16, 21).
2) TO eat
Lord's Supper ~ I Cor. 11:20.
3) TO eat
(Lord's Supper) ~ I Cor. 11:33 (Context shows Lord's Supper).
II. THE LORD'S
SUPPER WAS EATEN BY ALL TOGETHER:
Matt. 26:26-28; Acts 20:7; I Cor. 11:18-34 (Specific as
to "how" ~ all partook together, verse 33; cp. I Cor. 14:40)
III. The
"WHEN" of I Corinthians 11:
1) WHEN YOU
COME TOGETHER: I Cor. 11:17.
2) When you
come together AS A CHURCH: I Cor. 11:18.
3) When you
come together IN ONE PLACE: I Cor. 11:20.
4) When you
come together TO EAT, WAIT FOR ONE ANOTHER: I Cor. 11:33.
Undoubtedly the Lord's Supper is placed in the scriptures with the collective work of the local church. The certainty of the assembly for this purpose is seen in verse 33, "when you come together to eat…" The members came together for the purpose of each partaking at that time and during that assembly for that purpose. From the very beginning "... they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers" (Acts 2:42). The expression "in breaking of bread" refers to the Lord's Supper (cp. I Cor. 10:16,21). We are told that they met in the temple for worship (Acts 2:46; 3:11; 5:12). Luke makes a distinction between their worship, and their eating ordinary meals ( expl. "ate their food") in their homes, from house to house. He says, "So continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, they ate their food with gladness and simplicity of heart" (Acts 2:46; cp. I Cor.11:34).
Christ the Savior gave the church the Lord's Supper to be observed with regularity. At the beginning we are taught that disciples "continued stedfastly" in the apostles' doctrine, fellowship, in the breaking of breaking of bread, and in prayers (Acts 2:42; cp. Heb. 10:23-25). As they observed the Lord's Supper in their assemblies they did such in remembrance of His death. Hear Paul rebuking Corinth for assembling as a church with a common feast (food for the body) in mind,
"What? have ye not houses to eat and to drink in? or despise ye the church of God, and shame them that have not? What shall I say to you? shall I praise you in this? I praise you not. [23] For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread: [24] And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. [25] After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. [26] For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord's death till he come. [27] Wherefore whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord. [28] But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup. [29] For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lord's body. [30] For this cause many are weak and sickly among you, and many sleep. [31] For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged. [32] But when we are judged, we are chastened of the Lord, that we should not be condemned with the world. [33] Wherefore, my brethren, when ye come together to eat, tarry one for another. [34] And if any man hunger, let him eat at home; that ye come not together unto condemnation. And the rest will I set in order when I come" (I Cor. 11:22-34).
The observance of the Lord's Supper is a proclamation of His death until He comes. Churches of Christ "do" what He commands. Each first day of the week they assemble for the purpose of partaking of the Lord's Supper. The man made religious "holidays" so popular among the community churches and denominations are not a part of the worship or work of the church! Though man chooses to promote such with great enthusiasm and pageant, there is no such thing as a Christmas Service for the church. Moreover, there is no observance of Easter with a special "Easter Service" and pageant! Elaborate drawn out pageants such as you find in Catholicism and offshoots thereof simply do not have a place in the worship of the church. Nor did the churches practice "Judaism" as the Jews did under the Old Covenant (the Old Testament, 2 Cor. 3:14) given through Moses (See De. 5:1-33). That Old Covenant or testament was taken out of the way and nailed to the cross (Col. 2:14-17; 2 Cor. 3.). Hebrews teaches that the first covenant, the Mosaic, grew old and decayed (Heb. 8:7-13). The food and drink regulations, ordinances, festivals and sabbath days of that covenant were not to be bound upon Christians (Col. 2:14-17; 2 Cor. 3:5-11). By contrast the New Testament is the will of Christ for all until the end of time (Rom. 1:16-17; Hebrews 8).
Singing with a
purpose,
Both singing and prayer were common in their assemblies for worship and edification (I Cor. 14:15). Paul said, "What is it then? I will pray with the spirit, and I will pray with the understanding also: I will sing with the spirit, and I will sing with the understanding also." In addition we find this instruction to the Ephesians,
"And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit; [19] Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord; [20] Giving thanks always for all things unto God and the Father in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ; [21] Submitting yourselves one to another in the fear of God" (Ephes. 5:18-21).
The parallel verse to Ephes. 5:18-21 is found in Colossians 3:
"Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord. [17] And whatsoever ye do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God and the Father by him" (Col. 3:16-17).
The Purpose of
Singing in Worship:
1. Speaking to "one another" (yourselves) ~ "One another" is a reciprocal pronoun; all participated with the intent that all might be edified, each by the other in the congregational singing. "Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly" defines the character of the songs sung. Being centered upon truths from God's word they were instructional in nature.
2. The specified act was "Speaking" ~ "Speaking" is the Gk. Word is "laleo" meaning "to talk, i.e. utter words" (Strong's Gk. 2980). "Speaking" isn't "playing" a musical instrument. New Testament worship was a cappella, i.e. without instrumental accompaniment. The making melody is in the heart, thus they sang with grace in their hearts to the Lord. In giving instructions concerning their assemblies for edification Paul authorized "words" easily understood (I Cor. 14:9).
3. Their singing was "teaching" or giving instruction ~ thus producing learning.
4. Their
singing was also "admonishing" ~
"Admonishing" means "to put in mind, i.e. (by implication) to
caution or reprove gently :- admonish, warn (Strong's Help). Notice that the
"purpose" of singing is not to make everyone present "feel
good" all of the time. Through congregational singing one is often admonished
or reproved. Such admonitions and warning can prick the heart and lead to godly
sorrow that leads to repentance (2 Cor. 7:11).
5. Giving thanks always ~ their thanksgivings to God were expressed.
6. Submitting to one another ~ Their reverence for God enabled them to submit to one another, thus being led by the men in the church in an orderly decent manner during worship (Eph. 5:21; I Cor. 14:33,40; I Tim. 2:11-12).
Prayer,
As with the other items of worship the praying is led by the men of the congregation. This is according to God's order of authority for the church (I Cor. 11:3, 34; I Tim. 2:8-12). Prior to His ascension Jesus spoke of His leaving and said to the disciples, "And in that day ye shall ask me nothing. Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall ask the Father in my name, he will give it you. [24] Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name: ask, and ye shall receive, that your joy may be full"
(John 16:23-24). Prayer, Jesus taught, is directed to the Father (Matt. 6:9). When Paul recorded his prayer he wrote, "For this cause I bow my knees unto the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ," (Ephes. 3:14).
Dear reader Christians do not by rote memory just recite the prayer Jesus used for instructing His disciples (Matt. 6:9-13). People often refer to this instructional prayer as "the Lord's Prayer." Part of Jesus' instructional prayer given during His ministry was, "Your kingdom come…" (Matt. 6:10). Christians do pray for forgiveness and daily needs. But they realize the instructional nature of Matt. 6:10 is limited with regard to the kingdom being yet in the future at the time Jesus gave that prayer. When He gave that prayer as instruction the kingdom had not yet come. Since the kingdom has come you will "not" find Christians praying for it to come (see Col. 1:13).
Concerning our prayers we have Jesus as the one mediator between God and man (I Tim.2: 5: Heb. 7:25). This means that Christians may approach the Father at any time through Christ their Lord (Heb. 4:16; Acts 9:40; 10:9; Matt. 6:6). When Christians sin (and they will) by repentance and confessing them to God they are assured of forgiveness (I John 1:8-10; Acts 8:22). Christians should with humility of mind confess their sins to one another and pray for one another. Hear James,
"Therefore, confess your sins to one another, and pray for one another, so that you may be healed. The effective prayer of a righteous man can accomplish much" (James 5:16).
Giving,
Restating a
brief portion from Lesson Four (Part One), Liberality among members:
"The number that made up the church multiplied quickly day by day (Acts 2:47). Before long just the number of the men alone came to be about five thousand (Acts 4:4). Luke tells us that "believers were increasingly added to the Lord" through baptism (Acts 2:41, 5:14). Moreover, their generosity is seen in their selling some of their property and giving so that those among them in need might be cared for. The money given was brought and "laid at the apostles' feet," thus pointing to the apostles' oversight at the very beginning. Luke's description as a result of this growth was, "And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and of one soul: neither said any of them that ought of the things which he possessed was his own; but they had all things common. [33] And with great power gave the apostles witness of the resurrection of the Lord Jesus: and great grace was upon them all. [34] Neither was there any among them that lacked: for as many as were possessors of lands or houses sold them, and brought the prices of the things that were sold, [35] And laid them down at the apostles' feet: and distribution was made unto every man according as he had need. [36] And Joses, who by the apostles was surnamed Barnabas, (which is, being interpreted, The son of consolation,) a Levite, and of the country of Cyprus, [37] Having land, sold it, and brought the money, and laid it at the apostles' feet" (Acts 4:32-37).
The simple pattern for the
church receiving funds to do its work is established at the very beginning of
the church. The members "themselves" gave into a common treasury so
that the
A recorded example of Christians
giving when they came together on the first day of the week is found in I Cor.
16:1-3. Here the collection was for a specific reason. The funds collected were
to be sent to the needy saints in
Dear
reader we have presented the worship authorized for the church that we read
about in the New Testament. The aim of this brief portion of our study has been
to acquaint you with the simple yet profound worship belonging to Christ's
church. You have learned how God desires that men worship Him in spirit and in
truth (John